Parkinson s Disease ( Pd ) - 1326 Words

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most frequent neurodegenerative diseases, falling second to Alzheimer’s disease. It is stated that there are roughly 5 million individuals worldwide and 1 million individuals in the U.S. that suffer from PD. PD arises from the lack of dopamine in the brain along with the degradation of dopaminergic neurons, particularly in the substantia nigra pars compacta.1 The degradation of the dopamine neurons increases the number of free radicals in the substantia nigra which in turn increase oxidative stress.2 In the brain, Lewy bodies can be seen in different locations, based on the progression of PD. As the knowledge of PD pathophysiology evolved, the etiology of the disease has yet to be determined but genetic and environmental factors being studied. It has been found that there is no definitive factor causing PD and around 85-90% of cases occur at random.1 PD cases appear to have a connection to the patient’s genetic factors if they develop the disease younger than the age of 50. There have been multiple gene mutations recognized as possible risk factors for PD. The genome-wide association studies have specifically acknowledged alpha synuclein, tau, and HLA as potential risk factors. In addition to genetic factors, environmental factors have been identified as a prospective cause of PD cases in patients over the age of 50. Studies have postulated an increased risk of developing PD if exposed to factors such as pesticides and well water.Show MoreRelatedParkinson s Disease ( Pd )1361 Words   |  6 PagesParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease which is progressive, incurable and debilitating. The disease is caused by a loss of dopamine producing neurons in the brainstem which leads primarily to motor deficits. In Australia, 1 in 350 people live with PD and the prevalence is quickly growing (Parkinson s Queensland, 2014). While most of the people diagnosed with PD are over 65 years old, people as young as 30 can develop the condition (Parkinson s Queensland, 2014). Currently, thereRead MoreThe Parkinson s Disease ( Pd )1058 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The Parkinson s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer s disease (Lang and Lozano, 1998). It affects about 1% of the population with different ethnic backgrounds throughout the world over the age of 65 (Tanner and Goldman, 1996). The aetiology of Parkinson s disease is not well understood; however, genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role (Checkoway and Nelson, 1999). Pathologically, PD is characterised by mitochondrialRead MoreAnalysis Of Parkinson s Disease ( Pd )725 Words   |  3 Pages Introduction Parkinson s disease (PD) is the second world s major neurological disease (Laut Breteler, 2006) affecting 6 million people globally (Schapira, 1999). PD is a progressive and long term disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) activity with the following traits including bradykinesia, rigorousness, involuntary muscular contraction and unstable postural alignment (O Sullivan Schmitz, 2007). Basal ganglia are located in the CNS have large nerve fibers and neurotransmittersRead MoreParkinson s Disease ( Pd )822 Words   |  4 PagesParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by aberrant ÃŽ ±-synuclein aggregates within neurons causing damage or neuronal death in different regions of the brain with most disease development occurring in the substantia nigra (NIH.PARK). ÃŽ ±-synuclein positive Lewy bodies are another hallmark of PD development (NIH.PARK). Damage or death of neurons leads to a decrease in dopamine production which is required fo r smooth control of muscle movement (NIH.PARK2, NIH.PARK). ClinicallyRead MoreParkinson s Disease ( Pd )951 Words   |  4 PagesParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative debilitating movement disease which gets worse over time (Medscape, 2015). After much research and study no known cause has yet been determined and experts have hypothesized that it is a mix of inherited and environmental factors (Medscape, 2015). However, regardless of the unspecific cause, it is characterized by a significant loss in dopamine transportation to the basal ganglia which manifests itself in the three following physiologic signs: restingRead MoreAnalysis Of Parkinson s Disease ( Pd )1890 Words   |  8 Pagesthe salient characteristics associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are most commonly linked to motor deficits, including tremor and rigidity, a majority of individuals with PD also experience a variety of sensorimotor speech deficits. While listeners often describe the spe ech of individuals with PD as unnatural or unintelligible, reflecting many of the phonatory, articulatory, and prosodic deficits linked to the disorder, individuals with PD tend to minimize or even deny their speech differencesRead MoreEarly Parkinson s Disease ( Pd ) Through The Characteristics Of Finger Movement During Typing Essay5181 Words   |  21 Pagesresearch into detecting early Parkinson’s Disease (PD) through the characteristics of finger movement during typing. It begins with a discussion of PD and its symptoms, and then provides an overview of the current and emerging diagnostic strategies for early detection of the disease, with particular emphasis on those involving human-computer interaction (HCI) and the relationship with keystroke biometrics. The scope of the review is to focus on the motor symptoms of PD, rather than the causes, pathogenesisRead MoreParkinsonS Disease, Also Known As Pd, Shaking Palsy, And1530 Words   |  7 Pages Parkinson s disease, al so known as PD, shaking palsy, and paralysis agitans is an idiopathic neurodegenerative disorder; it rises from an unknown cause and increases in severity over time (Ronken). The disease was named after English physician James Parkinson, who first described it in 1817 (Weiner). PD can be defined as the degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra, which is the area of the brain that contains dopamine cells and regulates movement. As the degeneration of neurons occurs,Read MoreIs Parkinson Disease A Disease?1290 Words   |  6 Pages Parkinson Disease Danielle West University Of Arkansas Fort Smith Medical Terminology Fall of 2015 Introduction Parkinson is a disease that is a glitch in the neurons in the brain, which frequently affects the substantia nigra. Part of the dying neurons produces a chemical called dopamine. As this progresses, the dopamine in the brain decreases. Dopamine is a chemical in the brain which helps the body regulate coordination and movement in the body. Once Parkinson Disease (PD)Read MoreActive Music Therapy For Parkinson s Disease : An Integrative Method For Motor And Emotional Rehabilitation971 Words   |  4 PagesIn the article â€Å"Active Music Therapy in Parkinson’s Disease: An Integrative Method for Motor and Emotional Rehabilitation† by Claudio Pacchetti, MD, Francesca Manni, MD, Roberto Aglieri, Cira Fundaro, MD, Emilia Martignoni, MD, and Giuseppe Nappi, MD published in Psychosomatic Medicine (2000) states that active music therapy is an effective method of rehabilitation for Parkinson’s Disease. As of now Parkinson’s disease (PD) has no effective cure, so all that can be done for those that are affected